Cytosine (CAS# 71-30-7)

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 Chemical Name: Cytosine

CAS Number: 71-30-7

Molecular Formula: C₄H₅N₃O

Molecular Weight: 111.11 g/mol

Appearance: White crystalline powder

Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.

What is Cytosine?

Cytosine is a pyrimidine base and an essential component of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Along with adenine, thymine, and guanine, it plays a crucial role in the storage and transmission of genetic information. In DNA, cytosine typically pairs with guanine through hydrogen bonding.

Functions and Applications of Cytosine

Genetic Research

Cytosine is a fundamental part of DNA and RNA, playing a critical role in genetic coding. It pairs with guanine to form hydrogen bonds in the DNA double-helix structure, contributing to the stability and replication of genetic material.

Epigenetics Research

Cytosine has been widely studied in epigenetics, particularly regarding its methylation. Cytosine methylation is associated with gene expression regulation and is linked to various diseases, including cancer. Understanding cytosine methylation patterns is a key focus in epigenetic studies.

Chemical Synthesis

Cytosine serves as an important intermediate in chemical synthesis, especially in the production of nucleotides and biochemical research. It is commonly used as a raw material for synthesizing nucleotides and other biologically relevant molecules.

Pharmaceutical Development

Due to its involvement in gene expression and DNA repair processes, cytosine and its derivatives are being explored for potential applications in drug development, particularly in cancer treatment.

Safety and Side Effects

Cytosine itself has no significant toxicity under normal usage conditions. However, its derivatives or related compounds may exhibit side effects under certain conditions. Standard laboratory safety protocols should be followed to avoid direct skin contact or inhalation.

Conclusion

Cytosine is a fundamental component of nucleic acids, playing a crucial role in genetic transmission and expression. In addition to its importance in genetics, it is widely applied in epigenetics, pharmaceutical research, and chemical synthesis.