Paclitaxel 33069-62-4

��发布时间：2025-03-27 ��浏览次数：396次

 Chemical Name: Paclitaxel

CAS Number: 33069-62-4

Molecular Formula: C47H51NO14

Molecular Weight: 853.9 g/mol

Appearance: White or off-white crystalline

Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane

Storage Conditions: Store in a sealed container, away from light, at room temperature

 

What is Paclitaxel ?

Paclitaxel is a natural compound widely used in cancer treatment, initially extracted from the bark of the yew tree. It is a microtubule inhibitor that interferes with cell division by preventing normal microtubule dynamics, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. Paclitaxel is commonly used in clinical chemotherapy to treat various types of cancer, especially breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. In addition to inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, it also has anti-angiogenic effects, preventing the formation of tumor blood vessels and thereby inhibiting further tumor growth.

 

Mechanisms and Effects of Paclitaxel

Inhibits Tumor Growth

Paclitaxel stabilizes microtubules, preventing their normal depolymerization, which ultimately leads to cell cycle arrest, especially during the G2/M phase, thereby inhibiting cancer cell division and proliferation. This action makes it particularly effective against rapidly proliferating tumor cells, leading to cell death.

Promotes Apoptosis

By stabilizing microtubules, paclitaxel enhances tumor cells' sensitivity to apoptosis signals. Under the influence of paclitaxel, tumor cells cannot divide properly and undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis), thereby reducing cancer cell survival.

Anti-Angiogenesis Effect

In addition to directly killing cancer cells, paclitaxel also inhibits tumor angiogenesis. By inhibiting the action of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), paclitaxel prevents the formation of new blood vessels, cutting off the tumor's blood supply and suppressing further tumor growth.

Improves Chemotherapy Efficacy

Paclitaxel is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Particularly in combination therapy, it boosts the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduces the occurrence of drug resistance. It has broad-spectrum therapeutic effects on various types of tumors, especially breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer.

 

Clinical Applications

Paclitaxel is primarily used to treat various types of cancer, including:

Breast Cancer: Often used as a chemotherapy drug for breast cancer, especially effective for advanced and metastatic cases.

Ovarian Cancer: Frequently used in combination with cisplatin as one of the standard treatment regimens for ovarian cancer.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Used in chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer, particularly for advanced-stage cases.

Head and Neck Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Esophageal Cancer, etc., can also be treated with paclitaxel.

 

Side Effects and Safety of Paclitaxel

Although paclitaxel is highly effective in cancer treatment, it may cause some side effects. Common side effects include:

Bone Marrow Suppression: Including leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, etc.

Neurotoxicity: Such as peripheral neuropathy, which can cause numbness, tingling, and other symptoms.

Allergic Reactions: Including rash, fever, chills, etc.

Gastrointestinal Discomfort: Such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.

Cardiotoxicity: Rare, but can lead to heart failure in some patients.

Hair Loss: Many patients experience hair loss during treatment due to paclitaxel's effects.

When using paclitaxel, it is essential to monitor side effects under the guidance of healthcare professionals and make necessary treatment adjustments.

 

Summary

Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer drug widely used in the treatment of various cancers, particularly breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. It exerts its anti-tumor effects by stabilizing microtubules, inhibiting cancer cell division, and suppressing angiogenesis. Despite its significant anticancer effects, paclitaxel also has some side effects, so its clinical use requires careful monitoring.